The EPA compiled 10 case studies highlighting proactive actions being taken by cities across the country to finance projects that identify and remove these lead service lines.

Hopeworks equips interns with the skills to develop models, analyze data, and create visualizations, to support water utilities in need of technical support with service line inventory and replacement projects.

Denver Water is a national model for lead service line replacement and has one of the most comprehensive programs in the country, designed to replace all lead service lines in Denver Water’s service area over the course of 15 years.

Wasau utilized a community-based public-private partnership approach for lead service line replacement.

In 2025, the New York legislature introduced a bill setting a 10 year timeline for the state to replace all lead service lines, requiring water utilities to cover the full cost of private-side LSLR, and enabling occupant-permitted consent, and for LSL. S.6892/A.7878.

In 2018 the state’s Lead and Copper Rule required water suppliers to annually remove an average of 5% of LSLs in their system, effectively setting a 20-year timeline (p. 2).

A service from the Texas Comptroller’s office, the state purchasing cooperative promotes best value procurements through state contract usage at the local level.

Kingsford secured a USDA loan to remove lead service lines.

This report highlights lessons from New Jersey’s efforts to accelerate lead service line replacement, offering strategies for utilities and policymakers to overcome challenges and ensure equitable access to safe drinking water.

A 50-state comparison of DWSRF financing options for Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) funding.